Valu-Trac VT Tatton Blended Active Fund Class A Acc

Essentials Portfolio Analysis Background Data Performance View PDF Factsheet
Portfolio data accurate as at:

Performance

Discrete performance - to last month end

30/11/20
to
30/11/21		 30/11/21
to
30/11/22		 30/11/22
to
30/11/23		 30/11/23
to
30/11/24		 30/11/24
to
30/11/25
Fund 14.4% -2.9% 3.5% 18.2% 10.8%
Sector 11.9% -7.4% 2.2% 14.9% 9.9%
Rank 43/176 30/187 64/194 25/208 85/218
Quartile 1 1 2 1 2

Annualised performance

Annualised
3 Years to
30/11/25		 5 Years to
30/11/25		 10 Years to
30/11/25
Fund 10.7% 8.5% n/a
Sector 8.9% 6.0% 6.3%
Rank 38/194 23/176 n/a
Quartile 1 1 n/a

Top 10 Holdings

Stock % Weight
NVIDIA CORPORATION 1.86
MICROSOFT CORPORATION 1.74
APPLE 1.24
AMAZON.COM 1.14
HSBC HOLDINGS 1.07
ASTRAZENECA 1.04
EURO STOXX 50 Dec25 0.99
SHELL 0.98
EURO STOXX 50 Dec25 0.73
Neuberger Berman Uncorrelated Strategies Fund Class I2 0.69
Total 11.48

Fund Aims

The Fund aims to generate a growth based return over the longer term (10+ years).

Fund Manager

Tatton Investment Team manager for 7 years and 10 months

Photo of Tatton Investment Team TBC

Fund Overview

Mid (10/12/2025) 168.63p
Historic yield -
Fund size (31/10/2025) £309.40m
Number of holdings 29564
Entry Charge 0.00%
Ongoing Charges 0.51%
Launch date 31/01/2018

Asset Allocation

pie chart
  International Equities 42.65%
  International Bonds 18.69%
  UK Equities 14.72%
  Commodities 5.45%
  Cash and Equivalents 2.99%
  UK Gilts 1.21%
  UK Corporate Bonds 0.56%
  Investment Trusts 0.50%
  Property 0.44%
  Other Assets 12.80%
Portfolio data accurate as at: 31/10/25
Portfolio data accurate as at:

Asset Allocation

pie chart
  International Equities 42.65%
  International Bonds 18.69%
  UK Equities 14.72%
  Commodities 5.45%
  Cash and Equivalents 2.99%
  UK Gilts 1.21%
  UK Corporate Bonds 0.56%
  Investment Trusts 0.50%
  Property 0.44%
  Other Assets 12.80%

Sector Breakdown

Expand allCollapse all
Industry Supersector Sector Subsector
 
 Bonds 20.46% - - -
 
 Technology 13.03% - - -
 
 Technology - 13.03% - -
 
 Software & Computer Services - - 6.68% -
 
 Software - - - 3.41%
 
 Consumer Digital Services - - - 2.30%
 
 Computer Services - - - 0.97%
 
 Technology Hardware & Equipment - - 6.34% -
 
 Semiconductors - - - 3.69%
 
 Computer Hardware - - - 1.50%
 
 Production Technology Equipment - - - 0.71%
 
 Electronic Components - - - 0.44%
 
 Electronic Office Equipment - - - 0.00%
 
 Non-Classified 12.58% - - -
 
 Non-Classified - 11.72% - -
 
 Non-Classified - - 11.72% -
 
 Non-Classified - - - 11.72%
 
 Financials 10.77% - - -
 
 Banks - 5.39% - -
 
 Banks - - 5.39% -
 
 Banks - - - 5.39%
 
 Financial Services - 3.28% - -
 
 Investment Banking & Brokerage Services - - 2.29% -
 
 Investment Services - - - 1.04%
 
 Asset Managers & Custodians - - - 0.84%
 
 Diversified Financial Services - - - 0.41%
 
 Equity Investment Instruments - - 0.50% -
 
 Equity Investment Instruments - - - 0.50%
 
 Finance & Credit Services - - 0.47% -
 
 Financial Data & Systems - - - 0.36%
 
 Consumer Lending - - - 0.08%
 
 Mortgage Finance - - - 0.04%
 
 Mortgage Real Estate Investment Trusts - - 0.00% -
 
 Mortgage REITs: Residential - - - 0.00%
 
 Mortgage REITs: Diversified - - - 0.00%
 
 Mortgage REITs: Commercial - - - 0.00%
 
 Insurance - 2.10% - -
 
 Non-life Insurance - - 1.38% -
 
 Property & Casualty Insurance - - - 0.55%
 
 Full Line Insurance - - - 0.41%
 
 Insurance Brokers - - - 0.31%
 
 Reinsurance - - - 0.11%
 
 Life Insurance - - 0.72% -
 
 Life Insurance - - - 0.72%
 
 Industrials 8.81% - - -
 
 Industrial Goods & Services - 7.85% - -
 
 Industrial Support Services - - 2.29% -
 
 Transaction Processing Services - - - 1.14%
 
 Professional Business Support Services - - - 0.75%
 
 Industrial Suppliers - - - 0.28%
 
 Business Training & Employment Agencies - - - 0.10%
 
 Security Services - - - 0.03%
 
 Forms & Bulk Printing Services - - - 0.00%
 
 Aerospace & Defence - - 1.89% -
 
 Aerospace - - - 1.18%
 
 Defense - - - 0.71%
 
 General Industrials - - 1.18% -
 
 Diversified Industrials - - - 1.04%
 
 Containers & Packaging - - - 0.06%
 
 Paints & Coatings - - - 0.04%
 
 Glass - - - 0.03%
 
 Plastics - - - 0.01%
 
 Industrial Transportation - - 0.91% -
 
 Railroads - - - 0.20%
 
 Marine Transportation - - - 0.14%
 
 Commercial Vehicles & Parts - - - 0.14%
 
 Commercial Vehicle-Equipment Leasing - - - 0.14%
 
 Delivery Services - - - 0.12%
 
 Transportation Services - - - 0.08%
 
 Trucking - - - 0.05%
 
 Railroad Equipment - - - 0.04%
 
 Electronic & Electrical Equipment - - 0.81% -
 
 Electrical Components - - - 0.35%
 
 Electronic Equipment: Control & Filter - - - 0.18%
 
 Electronic Equipment: Gauges & Meters - - - 0.18%
 
 Electronic Equipment: Other - - - 0.07%
 
 Electronic Equipment: Pollution Control - - - 0.03%
 
 Industrial Engineering - - 0.77% -
 
 Machinery: Industrial - - - 0.29%
 
 Machinery: Construction & Handling - - - 0.23%
 
 Machinery: Engines - - - 0.14%
 
 Machinery: Agricultural - - - 0.05%
 
 Machinery: Specialty - - - 0.04%
 
 Machinery: Tools - - - 0.02%
 
 Construction & Materials - 0.96% - -
 
 Construction & Materials - - 0.96% -
 
 Cement - - - 0.20%
 
 Construction - - - 0.19%
 
 Building Materials: Other - - - 0.18%
 
 Building: Climate Control - - - 0.15%
 
 Engineering & Contracting Services - - - 0.13%
 
 Building, Roofing/Wallboard & Plumbing - - - 0.11%
 
 Consumer Discretionary 7.06% - - -
 
 Retail - 2.63% - -
 
 Retailers - - 2.63% -
 
 Diversified Retailers - - - 1.84%
 
 Home Improvement Retailers - - - 0.28%
 
 Apparel Retailers - - - 0.27%
 
 Specialty Retailers - - - 0.24%
 
 Consumer Products & Services - 1.57% - -
 
 Personal Goods - - 0.47% -
 
 Clothing & Accessories - - - 0.24%
 
 Footwear - - - 0.08%
 
 Cosmetics - - - 0.08%
 
 Luxury Items - - - 0.07%
 
 Leisure Goods - - 0.46% -
 
 Electronic Entertainment - - - 0.18%
 
 Consumer Electronics - - - 0.15%
 
 Toys - - - 0.07%
 
 Photography - - - 0.03%
 
 Recreational Vehicles & Boats - - - 0.02%
 
 Recreational Products - - - 0.01%
 
 Consumer Services - - 0.39% -
 
 Vending & Catering Service - - - 0.26%
 
 Consumer Services: Misc. - - - 0.12%
 
 Education Services - - - 0.01%
 
 Rental & Leasing Services: Consumer - - - 0.00%
 
 Funeral Parlors & Cemetery - - - 0.00%
 
 Household Goods & Home Construction - - 0.25% -
 
 Home Construction - - - 0.20%
 
 Household Furnishings - - - 0.02%
 
 Household Appliance - - - 0.02%
 
 Household Equipment & Products - - - 0.00%
 
 Travel & Leisure - 1.23% - -
 
 Travel & Leisure - - 1.23% -
 
 Travel & Tourism - - - 0.35%
 
 Airlines - - - 0.31%
 
 Restaurants & Bars - - - 0.21%
 
 Hotels & Motels - - - 0.16%
 
 Casinos & Gambling - - - 0.16%
 
 Recreational Services - - - 0.04%
 
 Automobiles & Parts - 0.92% - -
 
 Automobiles & Parts - - 0.92% -
 
 Automobiles - - - 0.79%
 
 Auto Parts - - - 0.11%
 
 Tires - - - 0.02%
 
 Auto Services - - - 0.00%
 
 Media - 0.71% - -
 
 Media - - 0.71% -
 
 Entertainment - - - 0.36%
 
 Media Agencies - - - 0.16%
 
 Radio & TV Broadcasters - - - 0.11%
 
 Publishing - - - 0.07%
 
 Health Care 5.73% - - -
 
 Health Care - 5.73% - -
 
 Pharmaceuticals & Biotechnology - - 3.95% -
 
 Pharmaceuticals - - - 3.61%
 
 Biotechnology - - - 0.35%
 
 Cannabis Producers - - - 0.00%
 
 Medical Equipment & Services - - 1.23% -
 
 Medical Equipment - - - 0.85%
 
 Medical Supplies - - - 0.34%
 
 Medical Services - - - 0.05%
 
 Health Care Providers - - 0.54% -
 
 Health Care Services - - - 0.23%
 
 Health Care Management Services - - - 0.23%
 
 Health Care Facilities - - - 0.07%
 
 Health Care: Misc. - - - 0.02%
 
 Commodities 5.45% - - -
 
 Commodities - 5.45% - -
 
 Commodities - - 5.45% -
 
 Commodities - - - 5.45%
 
 Consumer Staples 3.70% - - -
 
 Food, Beverage & Tobacco - 2.03% - -
 
 Tobacco - - 0.79% -
 
 Tobacco - - - 0.79%
 
 Beverages - - 0.65% -
 
 Soft Drinks - - - 0.32%
 
 Distillers & Vintners - - - 0.24%
 
 Brewers - - - 0.10%
 
 Food Producers - - 0.59% -
 
 Food Products - - - 0.45%
 
 Farming, Fishing, Ranching & Plantations - - - 0.10%
 
 Fruit & Grain Processing - - - 0.03%
 
 Personal Care, Drug & Grocery Stores - 1.67% - -
 
 Personal Care, Drug & Grocery Stores - - 1.67% -
 
 Personal Products - - - 0.82%
 
 Food Retailers & Wholesalers - - - 0.51%
 
 Nondurable Household Products - - - 0.25%
 
 Drug Retailers - - - 0.09%
 
 Miscellaneous Consumer Staple Goods - - - 0.00%
 
 Cash and Equivalents 3.09% - - -
 
 Energy 2.87% - - -
 
 Energy - 2.87% - -
 
 Non-Renewable Energy - - 2.79% -
 
 Integrated Oil & Gas - - - 2.03%
 
 Oil: Crude Producers - - - 0.26%
 
 Oil Refining and Marketing - - - 0.24%
 
 Oil Equipment & Services - - - 0.17%
 
 Pipelines - - - 0.07%
 
 Coal - - - 0.02%
 
 Offshore Drilling & Other Services - - - 0.01%
 
 Renewable Energy - - 0.08% -
 
 Renewable Energy Equipment - - - 0.08%
 
 Alternative Fuels - - - 0.00%
 
 Basic Materials 2.08% - - -
 
 Basic Resources - 1.39% - -
 
 Industrial Metals & Mining - - 1.07% -
 
 General Mining - - - 0.69%
 
 Iron & Steel - - - 0.17%
 
 Copper - - - 0.11%
 
 Metal Fabricating - - - 0.05%
 
 Aluminum - - - 0.03%
 
 Nonferrous Metals - - - 0.02%
 
 Precious Metals & Mining - - 0.22% -
 
 Gold Mining - - - 0.21%
 
 Platinum & Precious Metals - - - 0.01%
 
 Diamonds & Gemstones - - - 0.00%
 
 Industrial Materials - - 0.10% -
 
 Paper - - - 0.09%
 
 Diversified Materials - - - 0.01%
 
 Forestry - - - 0.00%
 
 Textile Products - - - 0.00%
 
 Chemicals - 0.69% - -
 
 Chemicals - - 0.69% -
 
 Chemicals: Diversified - - - 0.39%
 
 Specialty Chemicals - - - 0.23%
 
 Fertilizers - - - 0.04%
 
 Chemicals & Synthetic Fibers - - - 0.02%
 
 Telecommunications 1.64% - - -
 
 Telecommunications - 1.64% - -
 
 Telecommunications Service Providers - - 1.04% -
 
 Telecommunications Services - - - 0.96%
 
 Cable Television Services - - - 0.08%
 
 Telecommunications Equipment - - 0.59% -
 
 Telecommunications Equipment - - - 0.59%
 
 Utilities 1.48% - - -
 
 Utilities - 1.48% - -
 
 Gas, Water & Multi-utilities - - 0.74% -
 
 Multi-Utilities - - - 0.55%
 
 Water - - - 0.12%
 
 Gas Distribution - - - 0.08%
 
 Electricity - - 0.69% -
 
 Conventional Electricity - - - 0.66%
 
 Alternative Electricity - - - 0.03%
 
 Waste & Disposal Services - - 0.04% -
 
 Waste & Disposal Services - - - 0.04%
 
 Real Estate 1.06% - - -
 
 Real Estate - 1.06% - -
 
 Real Estate Investment Trusts - - 0.72% -
 
 Infrastructure REITs - - - 0.11%
 
 Health Care REITs - - - 0.09%
 
 Diversified REITs - - - 0.09%
 
 Industrial REITs - - - 0.07%
 
 Other Specialty REITs - - - 0.07%
 
 Residential REITs - - - 0.07%
 
 Retail REITs - - - 0.07%
 
 Office REITs - - - 0.05%
 
 Storage REITs - - - 0.04%
 
 Timber REITs - - - 0.03%
 
 Hotel & Lodging REITs - - - 0.02%
 
 Real Estate Investment & Services - - 0.35% -
 
 Real Estate Holding and Development - - - 0.21%
 
 Real Estate Services - - - 0.14%
 
 Alternative Trading Strategies 0.21% - - -
 
 Alternative Trading Strategies - 0.21% - -
 
 Alternative Trading Strategies - - 0.21% -
 
 Alternative Trading Strategies - - - 0.21%

Regional Allocation

pie chart
  North America 35.45%
  Developed Europe - Excl UK 18.73%
  UK 16.47%
  Non-Classified 12.40%
  Emerging Asia 5.80%
  Japan 3.80%
  Cash and Equivalents 3.22%
  South & Central America 1.02%
  Middle East & Africa 0.72%
  Other Regions 2.38%

Fixed Interest Currencies

pie chart
  Non-Fixed Interest Assets 76.89%
  US Dollar 9.48%
  Euro 4.75%
  Cash 2.65%
  Pound Sterling 1.77%
  Yuan Renminbi 1.21%
  Other Currencies 3.25%

Regional Breakdown

Expand allCollapse all
Region Country
 
 North America 35.45% -
 
 United States - 34.72%
 
 Canada - 0.72%
 
 Bermuda - 0.01%
 
 Developed Europe - Excl UK 18.73% -
 
 Ireland - 6.68%
 
 France - 2.31%
 
 Germany - 2.26%
 
 Netherlands - 1.46%
 
 Switzerland - 1.41%
 
 Spain - 1.13%
 
 Italy - 1.11%
 
 Sweden - 0.54%
 
 Luxembourg - 0.38%
 
 Denmark - 0.37%
 
 Finland - 0.34%
 
 Belgium - 0.31%
 
 Austria - 0.19%
 
 Norway - 0.16%
 
 Portugal - 0.08%
 
 Iceland - 0.00%
 
 Liechtenstein - 0.00%
 
 UK 16.47% -
 
 United Kingdom - 16.49%
 
 Jersey - 0.00%
 
 Non-Classified 12.40% -
 
 Emerging Asia 5.80% -
 
 China - 2.98%
 
 Taiwan - 0.85%
 
 India - 0.78%
 
 South Korea - 0.58%
 
 Malaysia - 0.20%
 
 Indonesia - 0.18%
 
 Thailand - 0.15%
 
 Philippines - 0.04%
 
 Uzbekistan - 0.01%
 
 Kazakhstan - 0.01%
 
 Sri Lanka - 0.00%
 
 Azerbaijan - 0.00%
 
 Pakistan - 0.00%
 
 Mongolia - 0.00%
 
 Macau - 0.00%
 
 Armenia - 0.00%
 
 Georgia - 0.00%
 
 Papua New Guinea - 0.00%
 
 Japan 3.80% -
 
 Japan - 3.80%
 
 Cash and Equivalents 3.22% -
 
 South & Central America 1.02% -
 
 Mexico - 0.37%
 
 Brazil - 0.32%
 
 Colombia - 0.07%
 
 Chile - 0.07%
 
 Peru - 0.05%
 
 Argentina - 0.05%
 
 Venezuela - 0.02%
 
 Dominican Republic - 0.02%
 
 Uruguay - 0.01%
 
 Guatemala - 0.01%
 
 Ecuador - 0.01%
 
 El Salvador - 0.01%
 
 Costa Rica - 0.01%
 
 Paraguay - 0.00%
 
 Jamaica - 0.00%
 
 Cayman Islands - 0.00%
 
 Trinidad and Tobago - 0.00%
 
 Honduras - 0.00%
 
 Panama - 0.00%
 
 Puerto Rico - 0.00%
 
 Bolivia - 0.00%
 
 Suriname - 0.00%
 
 Barbados - 0.00%
 
 Middle East & Africa 0.72% -
 
 South Africa - 0.22%
 
 Saudi Arabia - 0.17%
 
 United Arab Emirates - 0.10%
 
 Israel - 0.07%
 
 Qatar - 0.04%
 
 Kuwait - 0.03%
 
 Egypt - 0.02%
 
 Oman - 0.02%
 
 Nigeria - 0.01%
 
 Cote D'Ivoire - 0.01%
 
 Morocco - 0.01%
 
 Ghana - 0.00%
 
 Kenya - 0.00%
 
 Angola - 0.00%
 
 Jordan - 0.00%
 
 Lebanon - 0.00%
 
 Zambia - 0.00%
 
 Senegal - 0.00%
 
 Benin - 0.00%
 
 Gabon - 0.00%
 
 Ethiopia - 0.00%
 
 Iraq - 0.00%
 
 Togo - 0.00%
 
 Mozambique - 0.00%
 
 Cameroon - 0.00%
 
 Rwanda - 0.00%
 
 Alternative Trading Strategies 0.69% -
 
 Emerging Europe 0.60% -
 
 Poland - 0.22%
 
 Greece - 0.10%
 
 Turkey - 0.07%
 
 Hungary - 0.06%
 
 Romania - 0.05%
 
 Czech Republic - 0.05%
 
 Bulgaria - 0.01%
 
 Slovakia (Slovak Republic) - 0.01%
 
 Serbia - 0.01%
 
 Ukraine - 0.01%
 
 Latvia - 0.00%
 
 Croatia - 0.00%
 
 Slovenia - 0.00%
 
 Lithuania - 0.00%
 
 Albania - 0.00%
 
 Montenegro - 0.00%
 
 Russian Federation - 0.00%
 
 Property 0.43% -
 
 Australia & New Zealand 0.40% -
 
 Australia - 0.36%
 
 New Zealand - 0.05%
 
 Developed Asia 0.26% -
 
 Hong Kong - 0.17%
 
 Singapore - 0.09%

Breakdown By Market Cap (%)

Mega
 
 
34.59%
Large
 
 
11.21%
Medium
 
 
5.08%
Small
 
 
0.87%
Micro
 
 
0.16%
Non-Classified
 
 
24.53%
Bonds
 
 
20.46%
Cash
 
 
3.09%

Fixed Interest Maturity Profile

< 5Yr Maturity
 
 
10.21%
5Yr - 10Yr Maturity
 
 
5.31%
10Yr - 15Yr Maturity
 
 
1.00%
> 15Yr Maturity
 
 
3.92%
Cash And Equivalents
 
 
3.09%
Unknown Maturity
 
 
1.49%
Other Asset Types
 
 
74.97%

Fixed Interest Quality Profile

AAA
 
 
1.06%
AA
 
 
6.16%
A
 
 
2.63%
BBB
 
 
2.92%
Sub-Investment Grade
 
 
1.43%
Unknown Quality
 
 
6.24%
Cash and Equivalents
 
 
3.09%
Other Asset Types
 
 
76.45%

Top 10 Fund Holdings

Name % Weight Sector Country
1 HSBC American Index Class C 14.29% Managed Funds Managed Funds
2 BlackRock iShares UK Equity Index Class D 10.47% Managed Funds Managed Funds
3 HSBC Global Government Bond Index Class S2QH 6.22% Managed Funds Managed Funds
4 SPDR S&P 500 Quality Aristocrats UCITS ETF Acc 5.45% Non-Classified Ireland
5 Invesco ICVC UK Enhanced Index (UK) No Trail 4.83% Managed Funds Managed Funds
6 HSBC Global Aggregate Bond Index S2QHGBP 4.19% Managed Funds Managed Funds
7 HSBC European Index Class C 4.19% Managed Funds Managed Funds
8 Jupiter Merian North American Equity Class U2 3.40% Managed Funds Managed Funds
9 Vanguard U.S Equity Index GBP 3.11% Managed Funds Managed Funds
10 SVS AllianceBernstein Concentrated US Equity Class I 2.98% Managed Funds Managed Funds

Top 10 Holdings

Stock % Weight Sector Country
1 NVIDIA CORPORATION 1.86% Technology Hardware & Equipment United States
2 MICROSOFT CORPORATION 1.74% Software & Computer Services United States
3 APPLE 1.24% Technology Hardware & Equipment United States
4 AMAZON.COM 1.14% Retailers United States
5 HSBC HOLDINGS 1.07% Banks United Kingdom
6 ASTRAZENECA 1.04% Pharmaceuticals & Biotechnology United Kingdom
7 EURO STOXX 50 Dec25 0.99% Non-Classified Non-Classified
8 SHELL 0.98% Non-Renewable Energy United Kingdom
9 EURO STOXX 50 Dec25 0.73% Non-Classified Non-Classified
10 Neuberger Berman Uncorrelated Strategies Fund Class I2 0.69% Non-Classified Alternative Trading Strategies

Identification Codes

Sedol Code BFFXRK7
Mex Code -
Isin Code GB00BFFXRK73
Citi Code OMKJ

Fund Charges

Entry Charge 0.00%
Ongoing Charges 0.51%

Aims and Benchmark

Aims The Fund aims to generate a growth based return over the longer term (10+ years).
Benchmark NONE - The performance of the Fund can be assessed by considering whether the objective is achieved (i.e. whether there has been growth over the longer term (10 years)).
Benchmark Category Comparator
IA Sector Mixed Investment 40-85% Shares

Fund Background

Valuation frequency Daily
Valuation point 12:00
Fund type OEIC
Launch price 100.00p
Fund currency Pound Sterling
Fund domicile United Kingdom
ISA allowable Yes
SIPP allowable Yes

Distribution Details

Income frequency Annually
Distribution Type Dividend
Distribution Payment Basis Net

Distribution Dates

Ex dividend date(s) Income payment date(s)
30 April 31 August

Ratings

FE Crown Crown Rating of 5

Effect of Deductions

Assuming a growth rate of 6.00% Assuming a growth rate of 7.00%
- -

Fund Administration

Fund Trustee/Depository The National Westminster Bank plc
Fund Administrator Valu-Trac Investment Management Limited
Fund Registrar Valu-Trac Investment Management Limited
Fund Custodian RBC Investor Services Trust (London Branch)

Group Details

Group name Valu-Trac
Group address Valu-Trac Investment Management Limited Orton, Fochabers Moray Scotland IV32 7QE
Group telephone 01343 880217
Dealing telephone -
Email -
Homepage www.valu-trac.com/index.php
Fax number -

Dealing

Minimum Investment -
Minimum Top Up -
Minimum Regular Saving -
Settlement Period: Buy 4 days
Settlement Period: Sell 4 days
Pricing Basis Forward
Dealing Decimals 4